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Prebisch
Argentine economist and statesman. Serving in various positions in Argentine government and academia, he advised developing countries to stimulate domestic manufacturing to reduce their reliance on imports and thus their dependence on the industrialized nations. He also advocated economic integration of Latin America to achieve economies of scale and land reform to reduce the income inequalities that impeded growth of the domestic market. As the influential head of the U.N.'s Economic Commission for Latin America, he addressed inequities in the trade relationships between wealthy and poor nations.


president
In government, the officer in whom a nation's chief executive power is vested. In some countries, the president is the chief of state but not of the government, in which case the role is primarily ceremonial, with few or no political powers. Elsewhere, the president is both the leader of the government and the head of state. Presidents may be elected directly or indirectly, for a limited or unlimited number of terms. In the U.S., the president's chief duty is to ensure that the laws of the land are faithfully executed, which he does through various executive agencies and with the aid of his cabinet. He also serves as commander in chief of the armed forces, nominates judges to the Supreme Court, and makes treaties with foreign governments (contingent on Senate approval). See also prime minister.


Previn
U.S. (German-born) pianist, composer, and conductor. Born in Berlin, he fled Nazi persecution with his family and moved to Los Angeles in 1939. He orchestrated and arranged music for MGM in the 1940s and '50s, and thereafter scored films for several studios. Meanwhile he had become a noted classical and jazz pianist and started conducting. He has served as principal conductor of the Houston Symphony, London Symphony, Pittsburgh Symphony, Los Angeles Philharmonic, and Royal Philharmonic orchestras. He has also composed a symphony, concertos, and the opera A Streetcar Named Desire (1998), as well as popular songs. He was awarded a British knighthood (KBE) in 1996 and a Kennedy Center Honor in 1998.

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