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Possible definitions for osmogene

oncogene
Gene that can cause cancer. It is a sequence of DNA that has been altered or mutated from its original form, the proto-oncogene (see mutation). Proto-oncogenes promote the specialization and division of normal cells. A change in their genetic sequence can result in uncontrolled cell growth, ultimately causing the formation of a cancerous tumor. In humans, proto-oncogenes can be transformed into oncogenes in three ways: point mutation (alteration of a single nucleotide base pair), translocation (in which a segment of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome), or amplification (increase in the number of copies of the proto-oncogene). Oncogenes were first discovered in certain retroviruses and were later identified as cancer-causing agents in many animals. About 60 human oncogenes have been identified, incl. some that cause breast and lung cancer. See also J. Bishop, H. Varmus.


Osroene
Ancient kingdom, NW Mesopotamia. Located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, it was situated across the modern frontier of Turkey and Syria, with its capital at Edessa. Founded c.136 BC, it commanded strategic trade and military routes 1st cent. BC-2nd cent. AD. At different times it was allied with either Parthia or Rome. The kingdom was abolished by Roman emperor Caracalla in AD 216. In the 4th-7th cent. AD it was dominated by the wars between Byzantium and Persia. Under its Arab dynasties, it became a center of reaction against Hellenism, and the headquarters of Chaldean Syriac literature and learning. It fell to the Muslims in 638.

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