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Borneo
Island, Malay Archipelago. Bounded by the S. China, Sulu, and Celebes seas, the Makassar Strait, and the Java Sea, it is the third-largest island in the world, measuring 290,320 sq mi (751,929 sq km). The N part includes the Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak and the sultanate of Brunei; the S section forms part of Indonesia. Borneo is mountainous and largely covered in dense rain forest; its highest point is Mt. Kinabalu, at 13,455 ft (4,101 m). Much of it is drained by navigable rivers, incl. the Rajang, which are the principal lifelines of trade and commerce. It is mentioned in Ptolemy's Guide to Geography of c.AD 150; Roman trade beads give evidence of an earlier civilization. Brahman and Buddhist images in the Gupta style indicate the influence of Indians who apparently arrived in the 5th cent. With the arrival of Islam in the 16th cent., various Muslim kingdoms were founded, some of which owed allegiance to Java. Around the same time, the Portuguese, followed by the Spanish, set up trading stations. In the early 17th cent. the Dutch broke the Portuguese-Spanish monopoly, but they in turn had to deal with newly established British interests. After World War II, Sarawak and N. Borneo (later Sabah) became British crown colonies. Strong nationalist sentiment in Dutch Borneo resulted in the passing of sovereignty to Indonesia in 1949. The British relinquished Sabah and Sarawak to the Malaysian federation in 1963, while Brunei became independent in 1984.


cornet
Valved brass instrument. It evolved in the 1820s from the posthorn. Like the trumpet, it has three valves, but its bore is somewhat more conical. It is a transposing instrument, usually in B-flat, though a higher-pitched E-flat instrument is used as well. Its range parallels that of the trumpet. Its agility made it a very popular solo instrument; it often displaced the trumpet in 19th-cent. orchestras, and it preceded the trumpet in modern dance and jazz bands. Recent developments have made the two instruments very similar, and the cornet's popularity has waned considerably as a result.


dormer
Window set vertically in a structure that projects from a sloping roof. It often illuminates a bedroom. In the late Gothic and early Renaissance periods, elaborate masonry dormers were designed. Dormers were used along with the mansard roof to defy a Parisian law limiting buildings to six stories; the seventh story was called a garret (or attic) and was made habitable by the dormer. See also gable.


forgery
In law, the making of a false writing with the intent to defraud. "Writing" need not be handwriting: the law of forgery also covers printing, engraving, and keyboarding. Counterfeiting is usually regarded as a specific type of forgery. Checks, negotiable instruments, contracts, wills, and deeds are examples of documents that may be forged. Evidence may also be forged. Forgery requires fraudulent intent; it is not ...

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